Simmering anger against President William Ruto’s government has boiled over into clashes between protesters and the police, who have deployed live rounds, tear gas and water cannons.

The death toll from Kenya’s latest anti-government protest has surged to 31, according to the state-funded human rights commission.

Kenya's security forces have blocked all major roads leading into central Nairobi, ahead of planned nationwide protests. Much of the city centre is deserted, with businesses shut and a heavy security presence on the streets. Some schools have advised students to stay at home.